Grant, C. C., Wall, C. R., Wilson, C., & Taua, N. (2003). Risk factors for iron deficiency in a hospitalized urban New Zealand population. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, 39(2), 100–106.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine which dietary practices and sociodemographic factors are associated with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and iron deficiency (ID) in hospitalized New Zealand children.METHODOLOGY: A prospective study of children 8-23 months of age hospitalized with an acute illness from 1997 to 1999. Iron deficiency was defined as abnormal values for two out of three of serum ferritin
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Mitchell, E. A., Taylor, B. J., Ford, R. P., Stewart, A. W., Becroft, D. M., Thompson, J. M., et al. (1993). Four modifiable and other major risk factors for cot death: The New Zealand study. Journal of Paediatrics & Child Health, 29(1), s3–s8.
Abstract: New Zealand’s high mortality rate from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prompted the development of the New Zealand Cot Death Study. A report of the analysis of the data from the first year has been published. This report now gives the major identified risk factors from the full 3 year data set. In this case-control study there were 485 infants who died from SIDS in the post-neonatal age group, and 1800 control infants, who were a representative sample of all hospital births in the study region. Obstetric records were examined and parental interviews were completed in 97.5% and 86.9% of subjects, respectively. As expected many risk factors for SIDS were confirmed including: lower socio-economic status, unmarried mother, young mother, younger school-leaving age of mother, younger age of mother at first pregnancy, late attendance at antenatal clinic, non-attendance at antenatal classes, Maori, greater number of previous pregnancies, the further south the domicile, winter, low birthweight, short gestation, male infant and admission to a special care baby unit. In addition, however, we identified four risk factors that are potentially amenable to modification.
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Williams, S. M., Mitchell, E. A., & Taylor, B. J. (2002). Are Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Different at Night? Archives of Disease in Childhood, 87(4), 274–278.
Abstract: To determine whether the risk factors for SIDS occurring at night were different from those occurring during the day.Methods: Large, nationwide case-control study, with data for 369 cases and 1558 controls in New Zealand.Results: Two thirds of SIDS deaths occurred at night (between 10 pm and 7 30 am). The odds ratio (95% CI) for prone sleep position was 3.86 (2.67 to 5.59) for deaths occurring at night and 7.25 (4.52 to 11.63) for deaths occurring during the day; the difference was significant. The odds ratio for maternal smoking for deaths occurring at night was 2.28 (1.52 to 3.42) and that for the day 1.27 (0.79 to 2.03); that for the mother being single was 2.69 (1.29 to 3.99) for a night time death and 1.25 (0.76 to 2.04) for a daytime death. Both interactions were significant. The interactions between time of death and bed sharing, not sleeping in a cot or bassinet, Maori ethnicity, late timing of antenatal care, binge drinking, cannabis use, and illness in the baby were also significant, or almost so. All were more strongly associated with SIDS occurring at night.Conclusions: Prone sleep position was more strongly associated with SIDS occurring during the day, whereas night time deaths were more strongly associated with maternal smoking and measures of social deprivation.
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